The Journey of a Diamond: From Rough to Polished - Sanghvi Sons

We all know how fascinating diamonds are with their timeless beauty. However, only a few of us understand their journey. From their formation deep within the Earth to the skilled craftsmanship that shapes them. The process behind each diamond is truly remarkable. In this blog, we will explore the mesmerising diamond formation process. Furthermore, we will learn about diamond mining, sorting, cutting, polishing, certification, and the final piece of jewelry.

1. The Formation of Diamonds

Natural diamonds are from deep inside the Earth, which is extremely hot and has incredibly high pressure. Usually, it takes billions of years for carbon atoms to transform into diamonds under temperature. These temperatures are around 2,200 degrees Fahrenheit, and the pressure is 725,000 pounds per square inch. This process can become easier by volcanic eruptions. Volcanic eruptions help diamonds push closer to the surface, which makes the mining process easier. You can find major diamond deposits in countries like Russia, Botswana, Canada, and Australia.

2. Diamond Mining

There are three primary methods of diamond mining: 

- Open-pit

- Underground

- Alluvial mining

Open-pit mining is a surface mining technique that extracts minerals from an open pit. It is the most common method for mineral mining. The open-pit mining method does not require extractive methods or tunnels. This surface mining technique is used when mineral or ore deposits are close to the Earth's surface.

Mir mine in Yakutia - Open-pit mining.

Underground mining is to extract ore from below the surface of the Earth safely, economically, and with as little waste as possible. It involves digging tunnels and wells into the Earth to reach the diamond-bearing layer.

Underground work at Lace Diamond Mine 

Alluvial mining extracts diamonds from riverbeds and ocean shores where they have been naturally deposited. Most alluvial diamond deposits are spread across huge geographic areas which cannot be easily isolated. These deposits are mined informally in a non-regulated way. This is (commonly) known as artisanal or small-scale-alluvial diamond digging.

According to a study, approximately 10% of the world's rough diamonds are sourced through alluvial mining. And 14% through artisanal or small-scale informal alluvial diamond digging.

Alluvial diamond mining

Major diamond mining regions include Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia. 

Here are the top 10 biggest diamond mines in the world:

1. Aikhal – Russia
2. Jwaneng – Botswana 
3. Udachny – Russia 
4. Nyurba – Russia
5. Orapa – Botswana 
6. Catoca - Angola 
7. Ekati – Canada
8. Venetia – South Africa
9. Lomonosov – Russia
10. Mir - Russia

It is important to consider ethical and environmental while in the process of diamond mining, as there is an increasing awareness of sustainable and conflict-free diamond sourcing among people.

3. Sorting and Grading Rough Diamonds

Next, the process after diamond mining is rough diamond sorting. Once the diamonds are extracted, rough diamonds are sorted and graded based on size, quality, or color. The very first assessments sort diamonds into two categories: those for industrial use and those for gemstone quality. Sorting centers play an important role in the sorting process. Their technologies are advanced, and their skilled gem experts are available to classify diamonds accurately. This step is essential in deciding each rough diamond's value and final use.

Check Out: How Are Diamonds Cut And Polished From Roughs?

Sorting Rough Diamonds

4. Cutting and Polishing

After the diamond sorting process, the most crucial step is cutting and diamond polishing, Which gives the final polished look to this dazzling gem. The transformation from a rough stone to a sparkling gem relies on the expertise of skilled diamond cutters. This process begins with careful planning. Firstly, the diamond is carefully split along its natural line; then, the diamond is shaped and polished. Advanced tools and technologies, including lasers and computer-aided design, enhance precision and efficiency in diamond cutting. The expertise involved in this step is vital in maximizing the diamond's brilliance and overall look.

5. Certification and Grading

Certified gemological institutes, such as the Gemological Institute of America (GIA) and the European Gemological Laboratory (EGL), play a pivotal role in diamond grading. How? They evaluate diamonds based on the 4Cs: Carat, Cut, Color, and Clarity. Certification provides consumers with assurance of the diamond's quality and authenticity. Diamond certification makes it an essential aspect of the purchasing process. If you are in the hunt for diamonds, then ask for certification. A reputable diamond manufacturer will always be bold and share it with you.

6. Setting and Jewellery Making

Designing and crafting diamond jewelry is an art. This art form combines creativity and technical skill. Jewellery designers create intricate diamond settings and styles that enhance the beauty of diamonds. Popular settings include prong, bezel, and pavé, each offering unique aesthetic and security benefits. Master jewelers then bring these designs to life, ensuring that each piece of diamond jewelry stands out.

Conclusion

The journey of a diamond from rough to polished is a testament to the incredible natural processes and human craftsmanship involved. Each stage, from formation to final setting, contributes to the diamond's ultimate value and beauty. By understanding and appreciating this intricate journey, consumers can truly value the effort and expertise that go into creating these timeless treasures.
 

Author:
Ranu Agrawal

Publish Date:
29/06/2024

Tags: 
diamonds, diamond journey, diamond polishing, rough diamonds, diamond industry, sanghvi sons, gemstone processing, diamond manufacturing